Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) care for people who are sick, injured, convalescent, or disabled under the direction of physicians and registered nurses. They can be employed in settings that include hospitals, physician offices, public health agencies, long term care facilities, insurance companies, or other industries with health-related interests.
This course provides classroom instruction and clinical training (minimum of 400 direct client-care hours) in approved hospitals, clinics, licensed long-term care facilities, home-care settings, group homes, assisted living facilities, and/or schools under the direction of a nurse educator. Instruction emphasizes administration of medicines, practice with patients of all ages, and advanced and complex patient care. Students learn advanced anatomy, physiology, and human behavior as related to health and disease, including mental illness. Upon successful completion of the total program, students are eligible to take the practical nurse licensing examination.
Helpful Links/Information:
Student Organization:
National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses (NFLPN)
HOSA
Professional Organizations:
PACING GUIDE:
| MP 1 |
MP 2 |
MP 3 |
MP |
Foundations of Nursing
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Ø Unit 1: Successful Learning, Studying, Writing, and Test-taking Skills
Ø Demonstrate attributes that show positive motivation to learn
o Development of student Portfolio
o Organizational techniques
o Managing Stress and Anxiety
Ø Begin to apply techniques for successful learning and studying based on identified learning style(s).
o Discuss major learning styles
o Discuss learning skills
o Brain function in learning process
Ø Establish effective methods for taking notes in class
o Active listening
o Approved abbreviations
o Organization of notes
o Review of Notes
Ø Develop time organization schedule
Ø Formulate effective study habits
o Successful Study Techniques
o Study Groups
Ø Identify and explain plagiarism, copyright laws, and correct writing techniques to prevent plagiarism
o Forms of plagiarism
o APA Format, 6th edition
o Identification of reliable/evidence based resources
Ø Explain strategies for test-taking
o Types of test questions
o Preparation for tests/quizzes/exams
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Ø Unit 2: History, Evolution, and Current Trends in Practical Nursing and Nursing Care
Ø Discuss key figures in nursing history, and their impact on the delivery of nursing care.
Ø Describe progression and growth of Licensed Practical Nursing Programs
o History of LPN programs of study
o Development of educational standards, NLN, NAPNES, NCLEX-PN
Ø Explain nursing practice guidelines and standards
o ANA Code of Ethics
o LPN Code of Ethics
o VBON (Virginia Board of Nursing) https://www.dhp.virginia.gov/nursing/
o Scope of Practice
o Nurse Practice Acts
o Patients Bill of Rights
o Advanced Directives
Ø Demonstrate professional qualities for practice as an LPN
o Professionalism
o Work ethics
o Confidentiality (HIPAA)
o Career Ladder/Continuing Education
Ø Explain beliefs of health and wellness using identified models and theories
o Health-Illness continuum
o Healthy People 2020
o Maslow
o Nursing Theorists Introduction
o Holistic Care
o Homeostasis
o Stress and Adaptation
Ø Identify different levels of healthcare, types of healthcare settings, healthcare providers, and
Ø Discuss the financing of health care
○Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG’s)
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Ø Unit 3: Legal and Ethical Issues in Nursing
Ø Define legal terminology
o Civil law
o Criminal law
o Negligence
o Malpractice
o Assault
o Battery
o Defamation
o Slander
o False imprisonment
o Invasion of Privacy
Ø Explain legal protective measures and responsibilities with providing nursing care to clients
o Good Samaritan Act
o Professional Liability Insurance
o Informed consent
o Reporting and Documentation
o Sexual harassment
o Client advocacy
Ø Describe ethical problems that can occur in provision of client nursing care
o Nursing Code of Ethics
o Ethical Issues
§ End of Life Issues
§ Principle of autonomy
§ Abortion
§ Organ Transplantation
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| Ø Unit 4: Cultural and Spiritual Aspects
Ø Discuss Major Religions
Ø Explain and define Transcultural Nursing
Ø Discuss Cultural and Ethnic Differences
Ø Explain cultural competence for nurses
Ø Discuss how culture influences health, healthcare choices and the implementation of nursing care.
o Discuss the components of cultural assessment
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Unit 5: Critical Thinking and the Nursing Process
Ø Identify strategies toward the development of critical thinking skills
o Skills for critical thinking
o Concept Mapping
Ø Explain the five steps in the nursing process and begin an understanding of their integration in client nursing care
Ø Explain the steps of the nursing process
Ø NANDA
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Ø Unit 6: Documentation and Communication
Documentation
Ø Explain the legal guidelines involving appropriate and correct documentation of nursing care.
Ø Documentation methods
Ø Documentation guidelines
Ø Relationship with the nursing process
Ø Using the nursing process, apply correct documentation techniques with classroom and clinical assessments.
Ø Discuss therapeutic communication techniques
o Discuss verbal verses nonverbal communication
o Understand the barriers to effective communication
Ø Discuss the importance of communication in a collaborative healthcare environment
o SBAR
o Discuss the importance of effective communication relative to safety
Ø Analyze differences in communication style preferences among patients and families, nurses and other members of the health team
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Anatomy and Physiology
| Define key anatomical terms.
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology
Ø Identify medical prefixes and suffixes
Describe structural levels of the human body, and associated normal functions.
Ø Discuss inorganic and organic compounds
Ø Explain acid-base and pH
Ø Discuss cell structure and function
Ø Identify tissue and membrane types
Ø List and discuss levels of organization within the human body
Ø Identify the 11 organ systems
Ø Discuss methods of maintaining homeostasis
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology
Ø Identify prefixes and suffixes
Describe and explain structure and normal functions of the integumentary system
Ø Discuss the normal structure of cells, tissues, glands, and sensory receptors.
Explain the development of pressure ulcers and identify risk factors and prevention methods
Ø Identify and define stages of pressure ulcers
Ø Discuss risk factors for pressure ulcers
Ø Discuss nursing interventions for prevention of pressure ulcers
Differentiate the defining characteristics of burns
Ø Identify stages of burns
Ø Discuss the Rule of Nines
Demonstrate skill competency by adequately completing and documenting a nursing assessment of the skin
Ø Explain and demonstrate Braden scales, assessment, and Nursing Interventions.
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology
Ø Identify applicable prefixes and suffixes
Describe structure and normal functions of the skeletal system
Ø Discuss bone and joint structure
Explain joint structures and movements.
Ø Identify joint types and movements |
| Discuss applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify applicable terminology
Ø Identify prefixes and suffixes
Describe structure and functions of muscular system
Ø Discuss normal structure and functions of muscle tissue
Identify major muscles of the human body
Ø Identify the major muscle groups.
Define and demonstrate normal muscle movements and actions
Ø Explain muscle movements and actions.
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes
Ø Discuss and outline the organization of the Nervous System
Describe structure and functions of the Nervous System
Ø Discuss normal structure and function of the cells and organs of the Nervous System.
Ø Explain reflex arc
Ø Discuss the normal structure and function of the brain
Demonstrate skill competency by adequately completing and documenting an assessment of the Nervous System
Ø Demonstrate Nervous System Assessment
Ø Reflexes and motor responses
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology.
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes.
Describe cutaneous, and other senses and their normal functions for the human body
Explain the structure and functions of the sensory system
Ø Discuss and identify normal structure and function of sensory receptors.
Ø Discuss and identify normal structure and function of the sensory organs.
Ø Discuss normal vision and hearing pathway.
Apply the Nursing process to identify interventions for problems with sensory perception
Ø Discuss impairments of the sensory system.
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Foundations of Nursing
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Unit 7: Asepsis and Infection
Ø Apply the principle of medical and surgical asepsis
Ø Infectious Agents
o Chain of Infection
o Inflammatory Process
o Body’s defenses
o Hand hygiene and Personal Protective Equipment
Ø Explain the use of Standard and Transmission based precautions in client care.
o Standard precautions
o Transmission-based precautions
o Health Care Associated Infections (HAI’s)
§ MRSA
§ VRE
o Immuno-compromised
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Unit 8: Client and Healthcare Staff Safety
Ø Demonstrate correct body mechanics and body alignment with client movement, exercises and bed positions
o Principles of Body Mechanics
o Body alignment and moving, lifting and positioning clients
o Transferring and ambulating clients
o ROM exercises
Ø Explain safety precautions for the client environment and nursing interventions required
Ø for safe client care
Ø Describe factors that create a culture of safety
o Potential Health Hazards
§ Falls
§ Fires and Burns
§ Poisoning and medications
§ Suffocation and Choking
§ Restraint use
Anatomy and Physiology
| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology.
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes.
Describe structure and functions of the endocrine system
Ø Identify endocrine hormones secreted by various glands in the human body.
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology.
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes.
Explain structure and functions of the heart
Ø Discuss and identify normal structure and function of the heart.
Ø Identify and trace the blood pathway through the heart
Ø Describe the components and functions of the conduction system
Ø Identify the major blood vessels of the myocardium
Describe structure and functions of the Vascular system.
Ø Discuss and identify the major blood vessels of the vascular system
Describe structure and functions of the lymphatic system
Ø Discuss normal structure and function of the lymphatic system (lymph and lymph vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and lymphocytes)
Demonstrate nursing process steps by skillfully completing and documenting an assessment of the CV system
Ø Identify and demonstrate vital signs (blood pressure, radial, and apical pulse)
Ø Identify pulse sites
Ø Demonstrate and discuss capillary refill
Describe structure and functions of the human blood.
Ø Describe and identify normal blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes)
Ø Identify and discuss ABO blood types and Rh factors |
| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology.
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes.
Describe structure and functions of the respiratory system
Ø Discuss and identify normal structure and function of the upper and lower respiratory tracts
Ø Identify and discuss the process of inhalation and exhalation.
Ø Identify the normal functions of external, internal and cellular respiration.
Ø Discuss the transport of O2 and CO2.
Explain regulation of respiratory process
Ø Identify and discuss the respiratory center and factors that influence the respiratory center.
Explain respiration and its effect on acid-base balance, and correcting and acid-base imbalance
Ø Discuss and define respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, and metabolic alkalosis.
Apply the nursing process in performance and documentation of respiratory assessment
Ø Identify and demonstrate the respiration vital sign and auscultation of lung sounds.
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology.
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes.
Describe structure and functions of the gastrointestinal system.
Ø Discuss and identify normal structures and functions of the alimentary tube.
Apply the Nursing process in performance of abdominal assessment.
Ø Discuss and demonstrate an abdominal assessment using the IAPP procedure.
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology.
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes.
Describe structure and functions of the urinary system.
Ø Discuss and identify normal structures of the urinary system
Ø Discuss the functions of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
Ø Discuss the effects of hormones on urine concentration and volume.
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| Define applicable terminology
Ø Discuss and identify anatomical terminology.
Ø Identify applicable medical prefixes and suffixes.
Describe structure and functions of the reproductive system.
Ø Discuss and identify normal structure and functions of the male reproductive organs
Ø Discuss and identify normal structure and functions of the female reproductive organs.
Ø Discuss the effects of hormones on the reproductive system.
Ø Discuss the menstrual cycle.
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Pharmacology
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Unit 9: Hygiene and Personal Care
Ø Use the nursing process to observe and identify client problems while providing hygiene care.
o Apply the nursing process for skin care and personal hygiene
Ø Demonstrate the correct technique for administering a bed bath and providing oral hygiene care.
Ø Apply the proper techniques for making an occupied and unoccupied bed while incorporating infection control practices and safe body mechanics
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Unit 10: Vital Signs
Ø Explain the physiologic processes involved in homeostatic regulation of temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure
Ø Identify the normal ranges and discuss factors that may increase or decrease temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure
Ø Identify the sites for assessing temperature, pulse and blood pressure
○Measure Temperature
○Measure Pulse
○Measure Respirations
○Measure Blood Pressure
○Data Collection and Health Assessment
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Unit 11: Pain Management
Ø Describe pain categories
Ø Explain individualized perceptions of pain
Ø Use the nursing process to manage a client’s pain.
Ø Discuss the wound healing process and factors that may affect the process. |
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Unit 12: Urinary and Bowel Elimination
Ø Discuss factors that can affect urinary elimination
Ø Use the nursing process to assess a client’s urinary system
o Assess the physiological problems and associated psychosocial issues
o Nursing Diagnosis
o Identify the appropriate plan of care
o Promote normal urination patterns
o Catherization procedure and care of Urinary diversions
o Evaluation of the plan of care
Ø Identify factors that influence bowel elimination
Ø Assess bowel elimination patterns using appropriate interview questions and physical assessment skills.
Ø Describe nursing care for a client with an ostomy
Ø Use the nursing process to plan care for a client experiencing bowel elimination problems |
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