Description: When students participate in a Word Sort, they are classifying words into categories based on their prior knowledge and experience. Derived from Taba’s (1967) List-Group-Label strategies, word sorts operate on the assumption that by sorting words into categories, students learn to organize and remember vocabulary and concepts. Word Sorts are identified as open or closed. In a Closed Word Sort, the categories are labeled. Closed sorts tend to be easier for students since all of the words must fit under one of the selected categories. In an Open Sort, students determine the categories through analysis of word characteristics and word meaning. Some of the words in an Open Sort may be used for category heading, or students may select their own headings.
Step-by-Step
- Select 15-20 vocabulary words important to the lesson including both familiar & unfamiliar words.
- Words are placed on note cards for students to organize into categories, or words are posted with students sorting them on paper.
- Students may work individually at first and then groups of 3-5 students, or they may be grouped for the entire activity.
- For a Closed Word Sort, provide students with the categories. For an Open Word Sort, have students read the words and organize them into categories that make sense to them. Students need to be able to defend their classifications.
- Provide students approximately 10 to 15 minutes to complete the sort. Invite students to share their classifications and explain their thinking.
Extensions
- Sorts can be used before reading to activate prior knowledge and establish a purpose for reading.
- Sorts can be used as an after-reading activity to synthesize and analyze learning.
- Use sorts before, during, and after reading to allow constant crosschecking of words to enhance metacognition.
- When using word sorts before and after reading, allow students to reclassify their words. This also enhances metacognition.
- Have students share their reflections.
- Were their initial classifications correct?
- Did they make changes?
- Why did they make changes?